Water is the most precious natural resource of Bangladesh, but on the other hand it is also one of the most difficult resources to control and exploit. Today despite a most formidable technological inheritance, Scientists and Engineers engaged world wide are facing problems in managing and protecting water resources. Bangladesh is a riverine country; river erosion, deterioration of waterways are also major concern for the development of river system in the country. The impact of floods, droughts and climate changes are becoming more challenging issues for water resources management and development. Nowadays, concern to the water quality has been added in a greater way to the long list of dilemmas. In order to tackle these challenging problems, proper utilization of water resources has become the fundamental element of the strategy to improve the quality of life in Bangladesh, contributing to sustainable development of the community and thereby reducing poverty and sufferings. In view of that, Water Resources Engineering (WRE) Department was established in Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET).